Injini yenziweiindlela ezimbini eziphambili(indlela kaloliwe wecrank, uloliwe wevalvuisixhobo) kunyeiinkqubo ezintlanu ezinkulu(inkqubo yokubonelela ngamafutha, inkqubo yokupholisa, inkqubo yokuthambisa, inkqubo yokuqalisa kunye nenkqubo yokutshisa).

Izivamvozibandakanya isantya se-injini ye-diesel, i-accelerator pedal position, indawo yokubeka i-rack, ixesha lokutofa kwe-fuel, isantya semoto kunye noxinzelelo lomoya, iqondo lokushisa lomoya, ukushisa kwe-fuel, ukushisa kwamanzi okupholisa kunye nezinye izinzwa.

I-ECU inxibelelana ne-ECU ngokusekelwe kwiiparamitha zokusebenza ze-injini ye-diesel efunyenwe ngexesha langempela ngababonisi abahlukeneyo. Ithelekiswa namaxabiso eparameter okanye iimephu zeeparameter (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-MAP) ezigcinwe kwangaphambili, kwaye imiyalelo ithunyelwa kwi-activator ngokwexabiso layo eliphezulu okanye ixabiso elijoliswe kuyo. I-actuator ilawula ubungakanani benaliti (indawo yokubeka i-rack okanye ixesha lokuvala ivalve ye-solenoid) kunye nexesha lokutofa (ivalve yokulawula ixesha lokuvula nokuvala okanye indawo yokuvala ivalve ye-solenoid) ngokwemiyalelo ye-ECU. Inkqubo yesitofu se-diesel elawulwa nge-elektroniki inokutshintshisa idatha kunye ne-ECU yesixhobo sokuhambisa isithuthi, i-ECU ye-anti-lock braking system ABS kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuphumeza ulawulo lwe-elektroniki lwesithuthi.

Inkqubo yokupholisaibandakanya impompo yamanzi, irediyetha, itanki yokwandisa, umbhobho wamanzi okupholisa, isipholileyo, i-thermostat, inzwa yobushushu obupholisayo, ifeni yokupholisa, isivamvo senqanaba lolwelo, isibane se-alam yokupholisa kunye negeyiji yobushushu obupholileyo, njl.

(1)Isivamvo sobushushu esipholileyoisetyenziselwa ukujonga iqondo lobushushu lesipholisi langoku ukufumanisa ukuba ubushushu be-injini yangoku buqhelekile na.

(2)Iqondo lolwelo loluvo lokuhlolaubungakanani bokupholisa kwitanki yokwandisa kwaye ikhuthaza umqhubi ukuba kufuneka ifakwe.

Inkqubo yokungenisa umoyaikakhulu ibandakanya indibano yesihluzi somoya, i-turbocharger, i-intercooler, i-intake manifold, indibano yombhobho wokungenisa, isivamvo sokuhamba komoya kunye nendibano ye-throttle, njl.

(1) Isivamvo sokuhamba komoya siguqula ukuhamba komoya okufuthiweyo kumqondiso wombane kwaye iyithumele kwiyunithi yolawulo lombane njengenye yeempawu ezisisiseko ezimisela ixesha lokutofa kwamafutha.