Ukususela kumbono weempawu zokuhlala eziguquguqukayo, emva kophando, i-equation ye-dynamic motion equation yenkqubo yokunyusa i-valve yenaliti yakhiwa, kwaye ithelekiswa ne-static balance equation. Ngoluhlu lophando lovavanyo kunye nohlalutyo lwethiyori, izigqibo ezithatyathiweyo zezi zilandelayo: , xa kuthelekiswa nemo emileyo, uxinzelelo lokuvula oluguquguqukayo lwevalve yenaliti luphezulu kakhulu, kodwa uxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo lokuvala lusezantsi kakhulu, olunxulumene ngokusondeleyo iimeko zokusebenza injini. Ngenxa yokuba ivalve yenaliti ineempawu zokuhlala okuguquguqukayo, ikwanyusa idiameter ye-oyile yokutsalwa kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokutofa, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa umgangatho wokutshiza, kwaye inciphisa ubomi bombhobho weoyile, ibeka isoyikiso kwisalathiso sokuphuma. . Kwinkqubo yokufaka ukudibanisa ivalve yenaliti ye-injector, ngenxa yendawo yokusebenza enzima kakhulu, i-cone yokutywina iyakwazi ukunxiba kunye nokukrazula. Isizathu singenxa yokungcola okwenziwa kumafutha kunye nefuthe lempembelelo ebangelwa xa i-valve yenaliti ihleli. Emva kokugqoka kunye nokukrazula, kuya kubangela ukuguqulwa komphezulu wekhowuni yokutywina, yonyuse uburhabaxa bomphezulu, inciphise kakhulu isiphumo sokutywinwa, kwaye isilele ukuvelisa isiphumo esihle sokutshiza. Ngaphezu koko, ukuthontsiza kweoli kuya kwenzeka, kwaye ioli yedizili ayinakutshiswa ngokupheleleyo. Kwigumbi lokutshisa, imingxuma yokutofa kunye neendawo ezibandayo ezisebenzayo, iidiphozithi zekhabhoni ezigqithisileyo zenziwe, okubangela ukuvaleka kwemingxuma yokutofa. Ekugqibeleni, amandla e-injini ye-diesel ancitshiswe kakhulu, okubangele ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha athile.